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The Kollur Mine in the Guntur District in Andhra Pradesh, India was one of the most productive diamond mines in the world and the first major diamond center. It is situated on the right bank of the River Krishna. It operated between the sixteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries.〔Marshal, E. 1677. A description of the Diamond Mines as presented by the Right Honourable, the Earl Marshal of England to the Royal Society. Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society, Pages 910-917〕 In addition to the Kollur, the Paritala, Gollapally, Mallavally, Ramallakota, and Banganapally were extremely prolific mines in India during this period.〔A Manual of the Geology of India: Economic geology, by V. Ball. 1881; Henry Benedict Medlicott, William Thomas Blanford, Valentine Ball, Frederick Richard Mallett; By Geological Survey of India, 1881, p. 16〕 At the height of production, it was recorded that around 60,000 people mined the region, including men, women, and children of all ages.〔India Before Europe, C.E.B. Asher and C. Talbot, Cambridge University Press, 2006, ISBN 0-521-80904-5, p. 40〕〔A History of India, Hermann Kulke and Dietmar Rothermund, Edition: 3, Routledge, 1998, p. 160; ISBN 0-415-15482-0〕〔Deccan Heritage, H. K. Gupta, A. Parasher and D. Balasubramanian, Indian National Science Academy, 2000, p. 144, Orient Blackswan, ISBN 81-7371-285-9〕 The most celebrated Kohinoor diamond was mined in the " Kollur mine (or Coulour Gani)" Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India.〔(LARGE AND FAMOUS DIAMONDS )〕 The famous diamond known as the "Tavernier Diamond" was purchased by Jean-Baptiste Tavernier from the Kollur mine in the mid-17th century.〔Travels in India by Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Cambridge University Press, 2012〕 The diamond was purchased from Tavernier by King Louis XIV of France but was stolen during the French Revolution; it is believed to have reappeared as the recut Hope Diamond.〔(The History of the Hope Diamond, Smithsonian Institution )〕 The Indian mines were eventually depleted and the diamond center shifted to Brazil, where a good amount of diamonds were discovered. Many of the most famous and notable diamonds were mined from these early Indian mines, including the Koh-i-noor, the Regent Diamond, the Great Mogul (all from the Kollur); the Daria-i-Noor, the Orloff, the Dresden Green, and the Nassak Diamond. ==Notable diamonds== Some of the most famous diamonds mined in the Kollur mines are: * Koh-i Nūr (186ct) - in the British Crown Jewels, London * The Great Mogul Diamond (787ct) - Lost after Nādir Shāh sacked Delhi * The Pitt or Regent Diamond (410ct) - in the Apollo Gallery, Louvre Museum, Paris * The Orloff Diamond (300 ct) - in the Diamond Treasury, Kremlin, Moscow * Nizām Diamond (340ct) - currently owned by the Government of India. * Daryā-ye Nūr (182 ct) - in the Iranian Crown Jewels, on display:Central Bank of Iran, Tehran * The Hope Diamond (67ct) - in the American Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution, Washington * The Golconda (135ct) - belonging to Dunklings Jewellers, Melbourne, Australia. * The Kolluru Diamond (63ct) - Purchased by Tavernier and present location unknown. * Dresden Green Diamond (41 ct) - "The New Green Vault" in the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kollur Mine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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